Discussion on leptin's effects on the pathophysiology of COVID-19 and its potential as a biomarker for this disease.

Leptin correlates severity of COVID-19, providing a possible mechanism whereby overweight cases are prone to develop severe conditions.

A distinct epigenetic signature associated with severe COVID-19 exists in blood and is potentially useful for corroborating clinical assessments, informing pathogenic mechanisms, and revealing new therapeutic targets.

Describes the potential of Mesenchymal Stromal Cell-derived Extracellular Vesicles for the Treatment of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome

IL-26 appears to be a vital effector cytokine that contributes to the pathogenesis of malignant pleural effusion (MPE), and could be a prognostic indicator for MPE.

Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry-based targeted metabolomic profiling was performed on serum samples from both patients with asthma and control subjects. Sphingomyelin (SM) levels were significantly decreased in the asthma patients compared to the healthy controls. SM levels were also decreased in the blood noneosinophilic asthma group compared with the blood eosinophilic asthma group and in the early-onset group compared with the late-onset group. SM may be involved in the pathogenesis of asthma and related to different inflammatory cell subtypes. SM is thought to be a protective factor in asthma.

Reviews Hypoxia-inducible factors and how they control myeloid-cell functions; could be potential treatment targets for inflammatory diseases.

Review of EZH2 function in various immune cells to find ideas for cancer immunotherapies targeting EZH2 in immune cells.

Review discussing microglia and bran-infiltrating monocytes distinct roles following brain trauma or disease and how appropriate cellular models are necessary to investigate their neuroinflammatory responses in vitro.

Review describes the latest definitions and functions of lung macrophages during homeostasis and provides examples of their different roles in the development and progression of lung fibrosis.

The pathogenic immune mechanisms contributing to influenza acute pathology are potential intervention targets to mitigate lung damage and improve viral immunity.

Lipopolysaccharide and HIV infection in circulating leukocytes increased Translocator Protein 18 kDa (TSPO) on the cell surface of monocytes; suggests that cell surface TSPO in circulating leukocytes could serve as a peripheral blood-based biomarker of inflammation.

Targeting platelets to control Treg proliferation and activity may be a promising strategy for treating sepsis.

Serum amyloid a protein (SAA) bound to and inhibited influenza virus infectivity, but SAA free of bacterial products did not alter neutrophil responses.

Mycobacterium leprae and its fractions are able to differentially modulate the activity and functionality of Indoleamine 2,3 dioxygenase in human monocyte-derived dendritic cells via a pathway that involves TLR2.

Study of Cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors effects on monocytic Myeloid-derived suppressor cells in host directed therapy clinical trial supported by in-vitro data with reduction of suppressive soluble markers.

Tissue neutrophils can be isolated and possess unique compartment-specific cluster of differentiation marker expression in health and disease

SF3B1 mutations enhance pro-inflammatory gene expression in blast cells, possibly contributing to an overall inflammatory milieu in MDS patients.